Design of OCXO frequency locking system based on phase-locked loop structure

YAN Ni; CHEN Shupeng; LYU Zongyang

doi:10.20193/j.ices2097-4191.2025.0048

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Integrated Circuits and Embedded Systems ›› 2025, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (10) : 17-25. DOI: 10.20193/j.ices2097-4191.2025.0048

Research Paper

Design of OCXO frequency locking system based on phase-locked loop structure

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Abstract

Frequency standards play a vital role in modern science technology and industry. To address the issue of poor long-term stability in constant temperature crystal oscillator caused by factors such as crystal aging and temperature variations, this paper designs a constant temperature crystal oscillator frequency locking system based on a phase-locked loop (PLL) structure. The system utilizes the GPS signal received by the u-blox NEO-M8N module as the reference source, and employs STM32F103C8T6 as the control chip to lock the frequency of the constant temperature crystal oscillator OC5SC25 through the PLL structure. Using the extended Kalman filter and PID control algorithm, the long-term stability of the primary frequency standard and the short-term frequency accuracy of the secondary frequency standard are combined. The test results show that the system realizes the frequency lock of the 10MHz constant temperature crystal oscillator, enabling the frequency of the constant temperature crystal oscillator to operate at a higher stability and accuracy. Its average frequency accuracy reaches 3.28×10^-12, which is nearly 4 orders of magnitude higher than the initial frequency accuracy. This effectively improves the limitations of the constant temperature crystal oscillator in long-term stability.

Key words

frequency locking / OCXO / STM32F103C8T6 / phase-locked loop / Kalman filter / PID algorithm

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YAN Ni , CHEN Shupeng , LYU Zongyang. Design of OCXO frequency locking system based on phase-locked loop structure[J]. Integrated Circuits and Embedded Systems. 2025, 25(10): 17-25 https://doi.org/10.20193/j.ices2097-4191.2025.0048

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