对于长寿命产品，NOR Flash内存储的FPGA比特流会因Flash浮栅电荷泄漏而发生数据位翻转，进而导致FPGA配置失败。针对该问题，提出了一种基于FPGA多重启动的Flash刷新方法，产品年检时对Flash进行刷新，以恢复浮栅电荷量。对Kintex-7系列FPGA多重启动机制进行了研究，优化设计了配置数据组成，提高了多重启动的鲁棒性。优化后的配置数据包含1份同步头文件、2份相同的比特流、3份相同辅助文件。启动刷新后，FPGA按自检、刷新、回读校验的流程对Flash进行刷新。测试验证表明，该刷新方法稳定可靠，具有较高的工程应用价值。

For long-life products,the FPGA bitstream stored in NOR Flash may experience bit flips due to floating-gate charge leakage, which leads to FPGA configuration failure.To address this issue,this paper proposes a Flash refresh method based on FPGA multiboot.The Flash is refreshed during annual product maintenance to restore the floating-gate charge.The multiboot of the Kintex-7 series FPGA was investigated,and the configuration data composition was restructured to enhance the robustness of configuration.The optimized configuration data comprises one header file,two identical copies of the bitstream,and three identical sets of auxiliary file.When launching the Flash refresh,FPGA executes a sequential steps including self-check,data refresh,and read-back verification to ensure the reliability of the process.Test results have verified that this refresh method is stable and reliable,exhibiting high practical engineering utility.