Design and Research on the Analog Front-end of 100Gbps PAM-4 Wireline Receiver

Integrated Circuits and Embedded Systems ›› 0

Integrated Circuits and Embedded Systems ›› 0 DOI: 10.20193/j.ices2097-4191.2025.0103

Design and Research on the Analog Front-end of 100Gbps PAM-4 Wireline Receiver

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Abstract

To tackle the concurrent challenges of bandwidth, linearity, and integration in the analog front-end (AFE) of a 100-Gbps PAM-4 wireline receiver for Chiplet interconnect applications, this paper presents a high-performance AFE architecture based on a transconductance–transimpedance amplifier (GM-TIA) continuous-time linear equalizer (CTLE). The proposed AFE efficiently compensates for channel loss while maintaining high linearity through an integrated broadband input matching network consisting of an asymmetric T-coil, a programmable attenuator, and an AC coupler. A two-stage cascaded GM-TIA-based CTLE enables wide-range gain tuning from low to high frequencies and also serves as a variable-gain amplifier (VGA). Designed in a 28-nm CMOS process, the AFE occupies a core area of 0.012 mm² with the power dissipation of 9.94 mW. The equalization tuning range extends from 2.25 dB to 13.39 dB. After equalization, the 100-Gbps PAM-4 output exhibits an eye height greater than 100 mV and an eye width exceeding 0.52 UI.

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Chiplet / AFE / wireline receiver / analog front-end / PAM-4 / gain / channel

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Design and Research on the Analog Front-end of 100Gbps PAM-4 Wireline Receiver[J]. Integrated Circuits and Embedded Systems. 0 https://doi.org/10.20193/j.ices2097-4191.2025.0103

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