Aiming at the technical bottlenecks of limited functionality and inadequate measurement precision inherent in conventional current data sampling modules, this study develops a high-precision current data acquisition module based on STM32 series microcontrollers. The module integrates a high-performance analog-to-digital (AD) conversion chip and a network communication interface, thereby enabling high-precision sampling of current signals and real-time data transmission. Field test results indicate that the proposed current data acquisition module exhibits stable operation and high data accuracy. It can fully meet the application requirements of multi-point current monitoring in industrial workshops, and thus boasts considerable potential for engineering popularization and remarkable practical significance.