To address the problems of insufficient localization accuracy and long localization time of current wireless sensor network localization algorithms,a localization method based on the improved gray wolf optimizer is proposed.To address the shortcomings of the basic gray wolf optimizer such as insufficient solution accuracy and easy to fall into local optimum,an adaptive search mechanism is introduced to extend the search range of the algorithm,and a spiral search technique is used to help the algorithm jump out of local optimum.The sensor nodes estimate the distance to the signal sender based on the signal strength and estimate the position using the improved gray wolf optimizer.Compared with existing localization methods,the proposed localization algorithm has better localization accuracy and convergence speed.